Two large ribbed mussels (Geukensia demissa) are shown
here protruding about halfway out of the sediment at low tide.
Their lower ends are glued to rhizomes of smooth cordgrass by their
byssal threads, to help them escape being pulled out of the mud and
broken (e.g., by racoons). Ribbed mussels are one of the few
bivalves that can effectively collect bacterioplankters and eat
them; most bivalves (e.g., clams) depend on phytoplankton for food,
and can't collect
bacterioplankton. Ribbed mussels are so
good at collecting planktonic microbes and suspended clay, that
they can cause opaque flood-tide water moving onto the marsh to
become visibly clear within several minutes. The activities of the
mussels cause an increase in the productivity of the
bacterioplankton. See Newell & Krambeck, 1995, Responses of
bacterioplankton to tidal inundations of a saltmarsh in a flume and
adjacent mussel enclosures, J Exp Mar Biol Ecol 190:79-95; Newell
& Porter, 2000, pp. 159-185, in Weinstein &
Kreeger, Concepts and Controversies in Tidal Marsh Ecology,
Kluwer.